Fluid pressure tool



Jan. 9, 1934. F, E. TERmLL 1,94%?84 FLUID PRESSURE TOOL Filed Dec. 4,1930 par INVENTOR.

Frank/l?? E. 7rri/l A TTORNE Y.

E", IIIHIHHI Patented Jan. 9, 1934 UNITED- stares- 1,942,184 FLUIDPRESSURE 'room Fr E. Terrlll, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to ChicagoPneumatic Tool Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New JerseyApplication December 4, loro. sel-laine. 499,871

t claims. icl. lei-ps4) This invention relates to huid pressure toolsespecially those of the portable or hand-supported type. Morespeciiically it relates to tools uti lining a rotary motor as the primemover.

One object of the invention is to produce a nuld pressure toolcharacterized by extreme simplicity, lightness, and compactness. Anotherobject is to efiect economies in production and assembly. Another objectis to provide a tool in W which the operative partsare rigidlymaintained in alignment and have the required strength lor sustaininghard usage. Another object is to facilitate repair and replacement ofparts. Still another object is to confine all torque reaction M, to themotor itself. Other objects will be ap-I parent from the detaileddescription which uiollolvs.

In the tool ci the present invention a casing provides a chamberslldably receiving. Preler= ably with e. press lit, a rotary motorassembly. A

transmission assembly extends into the chamber and is utilized tomaintain the motor assembly in place. The transmission assembly includesreduction gearing and parts of the two assemblies co-act so that alltorque reaction of the motor is sustained by the motor itself. Bypreference the casing has an extension providing a handle or gripportion, the handle providing a conduit for the motive :duid andreceiving e. control asm i@ ssmoly einen incluses a throttle valve. 'rseA:lo

supporting arrangement for the man opera able control member for theottle valve is are ranged to provide for conveniently iorcing the motorassembly out oi the casing when um or replacements ere nec.

In order to illte the invention one concrete embodiment thereof is shownin the accom panying drawins in which:

Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical sectional view showing certain partein elevation, the section throughthe motor cylinder being substantiallyon the broken line `l--l oiy Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a top plan View oi the motor wssenlbly prior to or afterremoval from the motor casing;

Figs. 3 and d are transverse sectional views substantially on the lines3-3 and i-d respectively oi Fig. l; y

Fig. 5 is e. fragmentary end elevational view of the handle end oi themotor casing; and

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view oi aneiecting member for the motorassembly'.

The embodiment of the invention chosen for thepurpose of illustrationcomprises in its essenn tials a tool casing A, a motor assemblyindicated generally at B, atranslnission assembly indicated generally atC, and a throttle control assem-1 bly indicated generally at D. Thethree assem blies B, C and D combine with casing A. to zei a verysimple, strong, and compact tool. The casing A is hollow and preferablyof light metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. It provides' acylindrical chamber c of uniform size and considerable extent, the openend oi which is internally screw threaded as indicated at c'. Chamber creceives motor assembly B and at least a portion of transmissionassembly G, threaded cooperating with similar threads on the housing ofthe transmission assembly to se cure the latter to the casing to closeits open end and to maintain the motor assembly in place. n'

Casing il has an extension c2, also hollow, and preferably at an angleto chamber u to provide ,a handle or grip portion for the tool. Handle aforms a conduit for pressure fluid provided by a supply pipe e andreceives therewithin the conm trol assembly D. Casing A, adjacent handleen tension al, has a bore a3 of restricted size prei1 'l erablyinternally screw threaded and preferably in axial alignment with chamberc, also a trans versely extending recess or slot ci intersecting borea3. The purpose of the bore and slot will be set iorth presently.

The motor assembly B, shown in elevation in Fig. 2, and in vertical andtransverse section in Figs. l and 3 respectively, comprises a rotor lhaving shaft ends or tons c and e and a plurality or piston blades orvaries lll, in the pres ent instance four in number, slidably mounted inradiating slots in l?. Rotor 'l is rotatably mounted Within a cylinder1l. having perforated plates l2 and 13 at either end thereof to formcylinder heads. Rotor sha'it ends 8 and 9 project through cylinder headsl2 and 13 and are supported by ball bearings 14 and 15 mounted inbearing supports or cages lia and 15o respective ly. Each oi. thebearing supports lic and 15a, of the cylinder heads 12 and 13, and o'cylinder ll is slotted as indicated in Fig. 2', the slots being arranged for disposition in alignment to receive a key member 16 havingboth ends bent or hooked at 16a to engage portions of bearing supportsldd and 15a thereby to lock the motor parts in assenibled relation andin a definitely fixed angular relation to one another A passage or bore1? through the flange portion oi inner bearing support 14a throughcylinder head l2 and longilll@ so admitted has access beneath pistonblades or vanes 10 by passages 18 (Figs. 1 and 3) to force and hold theblades or vanes outwardly against the cylinder wall so that the pressurefluid admitted by ports 17a is operative within the crescent shapedspace provided by the off-set disposition of rotor 'I within cylinder 11to rotate rotor 7, the exhaust pressure uid escaping through angularlyspaced series of ports 19 to an exhaust chamber 2O provided betweencylinder l1 and casing A, thence through ports 21 in casing A toatmosphere.

Rotor 'I transmits its power to a spindle 22 supported in transmissionassembly C through the medium of shaft extension 9 which has teeth 9a onthe lower end thereof to form a pinion.

Pinion teeth 9a mesh with idler gears 23, three in number, mounted onpins 24 rigidly supported in a head 22a on spindle 22. Idler gears 23rotate on roller bearings 25 and are in mesh with internal gear teeth15b on the lower bearing support 15a of the motor assembly as well as inmesh with pinion teeth 9a on rotor shaft 9. Thus the torque reaction ofspindle 22 is sustained by the motor assembly B. A spring type retainerwasher 26, triangular in shape (Fig. 4) and having a central opening toreceive rotor shaft 9, is sprung over the three idler gear pins 24 intogrooves in the latter to maintain idler gears 23 .and their bearings inplace. Spindle 22 is supported in transmission housing c` by axiallyspaced ball bearings 27. Adjacent the lower bearing is a felt packing 28held in place by a recessed washer 29 which in turn is engaged by asplit spring retaining ring 30 expanded into an internal groove intransmission housing c. A collar 31 on spindle 22 spaces bearings 27,vand a nut 32 is provided to tighten the inner ball races to preventthem from turning on the spindle and to transmit the tool thrust fromthe spindles through the ball bearings to the motor casing.

The throttle control assembly comprises a valve cage member 33projecting into handle extension a2 and in screw threaded contact withthe latter. Member 33 supports in its central bore a throttle valve 34of the ball type yieldingly urged to its seat by a conical coil spring35 seated against a perforated'thrust nut 36. A push rod 37 is utilizedto force the throttle valve 34 from its seat and to permit motive iluidfrom supply conduit eto escape through ports 33a to the interior of thehandle whence it passes through passage 1'7 to the motor. The slot a4 incasing A, previously referred to, is utilized for mounting for limitedmovement a manual control lever 38 of the cam type. This lever'ispivoted on a pivot extension 39a traversing slot a4 which extensionforms a part of screw 39 threadedly engaging the interior of bore a3.Figure 5 shows in full lines the position of control lever 38 whenadmitting'motive fluid to runthe motor and in broken outline itsposition when throttle valve 34 is in closed position. Bore a3 is alsoutilized for ejecting motor assembly B from casing A when repairs orreplacements are necessary. To this end screw' 39 and lever 38 areremoved. A suitable tool is then inserted through bore a3 to engagemotor bearing support 14a and by the application of force to the toolthe motor assembly B will be ejected. In Fig. 6 a screw bolt 40 is shownfor this purpose having threads to cooperate with the threads in bore a3and having a suitable handle 40a for rotating the electing member. y

From the above it will be apparent that the present invention providesan exceptionally compact power tool which is quickly assembled throughthe mounting of motor, transmission, and control assemblies in a singlecasing, that the parts fit closely together to give a short overalllength and are rigidly held in alignment, that the motor assembly whichengages the casing with a press -fit may occupy a variety of angularpositions within the latter provided only that exhaust ports 21 thereinare not covered, that the inter-engagement of the transmission with themotor assembly causes the motor to sustain the torque reactions of thespindle, and that the reduced bore in line with the motor chamber of thetool casing provides means for carrying out 'the dual function ofnormally supporting the manual control means for the pressure iiuid andof ejecting the motor when repairs or replacements are needed.

While the invention has been herein disclosed in what are now consideredto be preferred forms, it is to be understood that the invention is,not

limited to the specic details thereofl but covers all changes,modifications, and adaptations within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: l

1. In a fluid pressure portable tool, ahollow casing providing acylindrical chamber of substantial length open at one end and with areduced open bore at the other end, said chamber being arranged toreceive therein the motor and transmission mechanism through said openend, and control mechanism for the pressure fluid having an operatingmember, said reduced bore being provided for the double purpose ofproviding means for ejection of the motor and transmission mechanism andfor supporting said operating member.l i

2. In a fluid pressure portable or hand tool, a

hollow casing providing acylindrical chamber of substantial length openat one enda rotary. motor assembly insertable into said chamber'4through said open end, a transmission assembly closing said open endtovmaintain said motor assembly in place, said casing having an angularextension remote from said open end to form a handle, said handleproviding a conduit for the pressure iiuid, a control assembly mountedin said handle extension including a throttle valve and a plunger foractuating said throttle valve,

said casing and handle having a bore inline with said chamber and atransverse slot or recess lntersecting said bore, a pivot member securedin said bore and extending across said slot, a manually operated controlmember for said plunger in said slot and mounted on said pivot member,said bore being adapted on removal of said members for the insertion ofmeans for forcing said motor out of said chamber.

3. In a uid pressure tool, a casing providing an open-ended chamber, arotary motor assembly for insertion into said chamber as a unitoomprising a cylinder, a rotor therein having aligned projecting shaftends or trunnions, cylinder heads for said cylinder having bores forsaid shaft ends.

bearing supports for said shaft ends adjacent said heads, said cylinder,heads and supports providing aligned slots, and a key member disposed insaid slots and having bent or hooked ends engaging said supports tomaintain said motor parts in assembled relation and in fixed angularrelation.

4. In combination, in a uld pressure tool, a casing, a rotary. motorinsertable as a unit within said casing comprising a cylinder, cylinderheads,

and bearing supports Iora rotor having shaft ends or trunnions, saidcylinder, cylinder heads and supports having recesses or slots in thepe-` casing, said assemblycomprising a cylinder, a

rotor therein having a shaft projecting therebeyond, end members forsaid cylinder, one of which provides a bearing for said shaft. saidcylinder and said members having aligned recesses or slots in theperipheral portions thereof, and a single retainer member in the form ofa v key seated in said recesses and with enlarged integral ends engagingsaid end members to maintain said motor parts in assembled relation 'andin a fixed angular relation.

